Ma`rifat

Abstract This discussion is a part of the new series of topics on ethics and moral values presented to students of religious studies by Ayatullah Misbah. According to Islam, to have moral value, deeds must both be done with good intention (husne- fa’eli) and have essential goodness (husne- fe’li). In philosophical terms, perfections are of two types: the first perfection which forms the essential part of things, and the second perfection which includes the accidental parts of things. A moral attribute is considered "good" when it is the second perfection for humans. In a similar vein, human actions are good when they are second perfection for humans. "Moral value", which creates perfection for the doer of the action, is something that is related to his intention. On the other hand, the purpose of human’s creation is to reach perfection and closeness to God. This long path requires doing optional actions that lead to the perfection and happiness of man and make him turn his heart only to the Almighty God and become godly. Worshiping God is the only way to reach perfection and closeness to God.