Ma`rifat

Abstract Today, the relationship between religious experience and the activity of parts of the brain is investigated in a field of knowledge called neurotheology. According to some supporters of religious experience, the goal of neurotheology is to gain a better understanding of religion, religiosity and the interaction between science and religion. However, the philosophical and methodical foundations governing neuroscience have to some extent pushed the results of neuroscience research about religious experience towards reductionism. By creating challenges for religion and the validity of religious beliefs, they have distanced neurotheology from its goal. Moreover, some atheists have used these scientific findings against the validity of religions and the religious experiences of the prophets. Their studies have had consequences for religious beliefs and religiosity, and in some cases, have led to materialistic conclusions about religious experience and denial of the validity of religion. Therefore, in this research, we firstly explain this approach, and then we examine its fundamental and methodical problems. Among the most important problems of neuroscience research is ignoring the reality beyond the brain and establishing an implicative relationship between methodological and ontological reductionism.