Ma`rifat

From the perspective of humanism, the right to life and the right to freedom are considered to be derived from human nature, and this view is in challenge with the teachings of religions, especially Islam, regarding individual and social human rights. Using an analytical-critical method, this article examines the humanist notion of the right to life and freedom and its theoretical foundations based on Islamic insight. In this study, attention has been paid to and emphasis has been placed on the perspective of the prominent contemporary Islamic thinker, Ayatollah Misbah Yazdi. The results of the research show that the humanist view of the inherent value of man and the legal requirements resulting from this view face several problems: First, the granting of these rights to man by nature lacks rational support. Secondly, individual freedoms are not absolute and do not absolve anyone of moral responsibility. Thirdly, in social freedom, the right to independently enact laws and appoint a ruler by humans lacks any legitimacy, and freedom of expression and belief, as well as freedom in economic activity, are completely restricted and can be accepted and defended within a specific framework.