Ma`rifat

Psychology is the branch of knowledge which deals with soul and its principles and characteristics. By a philosophical view on self, philosophers have earned many achievements. Of the most important topics that the philosophers have analyzed include: definition and identifying the self, the existence of self, the self being material or single, the power of self, self being new or old, unity or plurality of self, the relationship between self and body, self being fixed or dynamic, self being immortal or mortal, the prosperity of hardship of self and paradox of self. The current paper aims at defining these topics and reviewing them simply, especially by considering Ibn-Sina and Mulla Sadra`s view, hoping that topics about self extends accordingly by the struggle of the scholars and researchers.