Ma`rifat

To elucidate the relationship between ethics and politics, it is essential to consider the connection between any valuable action, including political activities, and its outcomes. If an activity aligns with the desired goal, it is deemed "good," whereas if it is incompatible with that goal and hinders its realization, it is regarded as "bad." Value-laden actions can be broadly categorized into personal and social. The purpose of social actions is to meet the needs of society. Any action that fulfills this objective is considered "good," otherwise it is "bad." When achieving goals, one should not merely focus on material and worldly objectives; material goals serve as a means to attain the ultimate and main goal. Moral value arises when the goodness of the act and the goodness of the agent are both taken into account. To understand the essential and important aspects of political issues, one must initially evaluate the goodness of related activities according to religious standards. If the objective of political actions is solely worldly benefits, then the perspectives of political experts take precedence. If there are differing opinions among them, one should refer to the most skilled one. However, when considering the wellbeing and benefits of the afterlife, the interests of the Islamic system, the Muslim community, and the principles of Islam must be taken into account. Here, the opinion of the most knowledgeable individual in the field of political and social jurisprudence should be prioritized—an individual with a successful political experience, the utmost expertise in jurisprudence and social and political laws, as well as proficiency in discerning the interests of the Islamic system and distinguishing between friends and foes, the pious and the impious and etc. This person is the Guardian Jurist (Wali Faqih).