Ma`rifat

This research mainly investigates the influence of the specific gradation of existence (tashkik al-wujud) on the foundations of Islamic education. The most important objective of the study is to analyze the various dimensions of gradation of existence and its connection to the epistemological, ontological, anthropological, and axiological foundations of Islamic education. The findings of the research, organized using a descriptive-analytical method and with consideration of the ideas of philosophers of Transcendent Wisdom (Hikmat al-Muta'aliyah), particularly Sadr al-Muta'allihin (Mulla Sadra), indicate that in the epistemological domain, gradation of existence directs attention towards a deeper understanding of the stages of human knowledge growth and perfection, emphasizing the necessity of designing educational programs and methods appropriate to these stages. In the anthropological domain, this theory aids in identifying the existential dimensions of man and their various degrees of perfection and existential weakness, stressing the importance of guiding students according to the correct ultimate end, across all three stages of insight, inclination, and capability, and in proportion to individual aptitudes. In the ontological domain, gradation—which points on one hand to an interconnected causal system and on the other to the complete dependence of man on the Bestower of Existence—demonstrates the necessity of attending to divine principles in the educational process. Furthermore, by proving moral realism in the axiological domain, this theory emphasizes the importance of aligning educational principles with individual conditions and capabilities and synchronizing them with the ultimate value, namely proximity to God (qurb il-Allah), resulting in obedience and responsibility.