Ma`rifat

Iblis is one of the imperceptible phenomena of the created world, whose nature cannot be comprehended through ordinary means. Utilizing the analytical and descriptive method based on Qur'anic verses, this article elucidates the nature of Iblis from the perspective of the Qur'an and philosophical sources. It concludes that there are three general possibilities regarding his nature: some consider him to be one of the faculties of the soul; a second group emphasizes that he is an angel; and the third view holds that Iblis is a Jinn. Through a comprehensive analysis of the verses and various viewpoints, the author demonstrates an inclination towards the position that Iblis is a Jinn, citing reasons such as the difference in the creation of angels and Jinn, the explicit statements of the Qur'anic verses, and the distinction in their behavior. In another section, the article examines whether Iblis is material or immaterial. It concludes that most Islamic philosophers and theologians consider Iblis and the Jinn to be material beings with an immaterial spirit, possessing a subtle and transparent body capable of changing form and condensing to become visible. Based on Qur'anic verses, Jinn and Iblis were created from fire and possess material characteristics such as progeny, death, and the ability to sin, all of which indicate their material nature. These beings, due to their possession of a subtle body (like condensed air), can interact within the material world but are normally invisible.