معرفت

In the first quarter of the 10th century (923 AH), Egypt and Al-Sham were captured by the Ottoman Turks; Mamalik government was disintegrated, Cairo, the capital of the Mamalik government and the center of the Abbasid caliphate, turned into one of the provinces of the Ottoman Empire, and the position of the Caliphate was transferred to the Ottoman Empire. Under the bureaucratic system, they ruled the land for four centuries, but some factors led to the elimination of caliphate, political disunity, the western influence, and the disintegration of the region into several countries. Using a descriptive, analytical and explanatory approach, this research examines the role of the Ottoman government in the process of the disintegration of Egypt and the Levant. According to the researcher, domestic policies in the form of administrative, military, cultural, religious, and educational structures, as well as the foreign policy of the Ottoman government were drafted and implemented in such a way that resulted in the collapse, division and influence of Britain and France in the region of Egypt and the Levant.